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Jan 3, 2025

Cannabinoids and How They Work: Secrets of Cannabis

Did you know your body naturally produces its own cannabinoids?

These compounds, known as endocannabinoids, play a crucial role in maintaining balance within your body. Similarly, the cannabinoids found in cannabis interact with your body to influence mood, sleep, appetite, and even pain management. With more research uncovering the medicinal benefits of cannabis, one question often arises:

How can one plant create such a variety of effects, from relaxation to euphoria to pain relief?

The answer lies in the incredible range of cannabinoids produced by cannabis. These natural chemical compounds are responsible for the diverse ways cannabis interacts with our minds and bodies.

You may have had a smoke sesh that made you really talkative and giggly, which created a recipe for a fantastic night with friends. You might also have had an experience of taking a hit off your bong from a strain that made you fall asleep on the couch while trying to start the Lord of Rings Trilogy for the umpteenth time.

Regardless, there are many ways cannabis can affect the environment you are in and cannabinoids within cannabis can help greatly on how your body feels on a physical and/or emotional level.

So… What Are Cannabinoids?

Cannabinoids are chemical compounds found in the cannabis plant. Scientists have identified between 80 and 100 different cannabinoids, each with unique properties and effects.

While our understanding of cannabis is still evolving, six primary cannabinoids stand out as the most significant due to their abundance and impact on the body. Interestingly, your experience with cannabis isn’t just about the plant—it’s also about you. Factors like your body chemistry, tolerance, and the strain’s cannabinoid profile all influence how cannabis affects you. This is why some strains make people feel energetic and social, while others encourage rest and relaxation.

The Six Main Cannabinoids in Cannabis

Let’s take a closer look at the six most prominent cannabinoids, what they do, and why they matter:

THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol)

Psychoactive: Yes

Known as the main psychoactive compound in cannabis, THC is what gives you the “high.” It’s also a powerful sleep aid and can reduce pain. Fun fact: THC can suppress REM sleep, which might explain its relaxing effects.

CBD (Cannabidiol)

Psychoactive: No
CBD is celebrated for its medicinal benefits. It’s a natural muscle relaxer, pain reliever, and sleep aid. It can also counteract some of THC’s psychoactive effects, creating a balanced experience.

CBG (Cannabigerol)

Psychoactive: No
Often referred to as the “giggle cannabinoid,” CBG is known for its mood-boosting effects. It can help reduce anxiety and depression, stimulate appetite, and enhance overall well-being. Fun fact: All cannabinoids start as CBGA, which then transforms into other cannabinoids as the plant matures.

CBC (Cannabichromene)

Psychoactive: No
CBC offers mood-enhancing and anti-inflammatory properties. It’s also being studied for its potential role in managing chronic pain.

CBN (Cannabinol)

Psychoactive: No
CBN is a byproduct of aged THC. It’s widely recognized for its relaxing and sedative effects, making it a popular choice for those seeking better sleep.

THCV (Tetrahydrocannabivarin)

Psychoactive: Sometimes
(dose-dependent)
THCV is unique in that it can suppress appetite at low doses and act as a stress reliever. At higher doses, it may produce mild psychoactive effects.

 

Why Cannabinoids Affect Everyone Differently

Cannabinoids interact with the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in your body, a network of receptors responsible for regulating mood, sleep, pain, and immune response. However, everyone’s ECS is different, which means your reaction to cannabis can vary. Here are a few factors that influence your experience:

    • Strain Genetics: Different strains have unique combinations of cannabinoids and terpenes.

    • Tolerance Levels: Frequent use can affect how your body responds.

    • Environment and Mood: Your mindset and surroundings can amplify or minimize effects.

Keeping track of the strains and products that work best for you can help optimize your cannabis experience.  Try maintaining a journal to record strain names, cannabinoid percentages, and the effects you felt.

 

The Science Behind the High

Cannabinoids are fascinating not just for their effects but also for how they evolve. During the plant’s lifecycle, CBGA (cannabigerolic acid) serves as the precursor to most cannabinoids.

Over time and exposure to heat or light, CBGA converts into THC, CBD, and other cannabinoids. This process and environmental factors, like growing conditions, determine a strain’s unique profile.

Finding the Right Strain For You

Whether you’re looking for relaxation, pain relief, or an uplifting buzz, understanding cannabinoids can help you choose the right strain for your needs. Remember: Cannabis is highly personal. What works for one person may not work for another. That’s part of the journey—and the joy—of exploring this incredible plant.

 

 

Key Takeaways

    • Cannabinoids are the active compounds in cannabis that influence its effects on the body and mind.

    • The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is essential for maintaining balance in the body, and cannabinoids help interact with this system.

    • The six primary cannabinoids—THC, CBD, CBG, CBC, CBN, and THCV—each offer unique benefits, from mood enhancement to pain relief.

    • Track your experiences to find the right strains and cannabinoids for your needs.